a + b

a plus b.

fieldname contains a value of 1.5

$feature["fieldname"] + 2.5

4.0

a - b

a minus b.

fieldname contains a value of 3.3

$feature["fieldname"]- 2.2

1.1

a * b

a times b.

fieldname contains a value of 2.0

$feature["fieldname"] * 2.2

4.4

a / b

a divided by b.

fieldname contains a value of 4.0

$feature["fieldname"] / 1.25

3.2

abs( a )

Returns the absolute (positive) value of a.

fieldname contains a value of -1.5

abs($feature["fieldname"])

1.5

log( a )

Returns the natural logarithm (base E) of a.

fieldname contains a value of 1

log($feature["fieldname"])

0

sin( a )

Returns the trigonometric sine of a. The input is assumed to be an angle in radians.

fieldname contains a value of 1.5707

sin($feature["fieldname"])

1

cos( a )

Returns the trigonometric cosine of a. The input is assumed to be an angle in radians.

fieldname contains a value of 0

cos($feature["fieldname"])

1

tan( a )

Returns the tangent of a. The input is assumed to be an angle in radians.

fieldname contains a value of 0

tan($feature["fieldname"])

0

sqrt( a )

Returns the square root of a.

fieldname contains a value of 9

sqrt($feature["fieldname"])

3

min( a, b )

Returns the lowest-valued number between a and b.

fieldname contains a value of 1.5, and a value of -3

min($feature["fieldname"], -3)

-3

max( a, b )

Returns the highest-valued number between a or b.

fieldname1 contains a value of 1.5, and fieldname2 contains a value of -3

max($feature["fieldname1"], $feature["fieldname2"])

1.5

constrain(<value>,<low>,<high>)

Returns the input value if it's within the constraining bounds. If the input value is less than the low value, it returns the low value. If the input value is greater than the high value, it returns the high value.

constrain($feature["distance"], 0, 10)

constrain($feature['Store dist'], 6, distance)

Returns 0 if distance is less than 0, 10 if distance is greater than 10, and distance otherwise.

Returns 6 if Store dist is less than 6, distance if Store dist is greater than distance, and Store dist otherwise.

as_meters( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in meters.

as_meters( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_meters(150)

Results are buffered by 150 meters.

as_kilometers( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in kilometers.

as_kilometers( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_kilometers(150)

Results are buffered by 150 kilometers.

as_feet( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in feet.

as_feet( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_feet(150)

Results are buffered by 150 feet.

as_yards( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in yards.

as_yards( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_yards(150)

Results are buffered by 150 yards.

as_nautical_miles( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in nautical miles.

as_nautical_miles( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_nautical_miles(150)

Results are buffered by 150 nautical miles.

as_miles( <value> )

Applies a calculation assuming the input values are in miles.

as_miles( $feature["fieldname"] )

as_miles(150)

Results are buffered by 150 miles.

a > b

a < b

a is greater than b

a is less than b

10 > 2

False

a >= b

a <= b

a is greater than or equal to b

a is less than or equal to b

abs(-10) >= 10

True

a != b

a is not equal to b

abs(-3) != -3

True

a == b

a is equal to b

abs(-5) == 5

True

<condition1> || <condition2>

Condition 1 or condition 2 is met.

(abs(-5) == 5) || (10 < 2)

True

<condition1> && <condition2>

Condition 1 and condition 2 are met.

(abs(-5) == 5) && (10 < 2)

False

iff(<condition>,<true value>,<false value>)

Returns one value if a condition evaluates to true and returns another value if that condition evaluates to false.

<true value> and <false value> can be the following:

• A numeric field. If there is a space in the field name, use square brackets.
• A number.
• A function.

iff($feature["field1"] > $feature["field2"], $feature["field1"], 0)

iff($feature["field1"] > $feature["field2"], iff($feature["field2"] = 0, $feature["field3"], $feature["field4"]), 0)

Returns field1 if field1 is greater than field2, and 0 otherwise.

Returns the result of the second iff function if field1 is greater than field2, and 0 otherwise.

when(<expression1> , <result1> , <expression2> , <result2> , ... , <expressionN> , <resultN>, <default>)

Evaluates a series of expressions in order until one evaluates to true.

• expression—An expression.
• result—The result of the expression. It can be a number or field.
• default—An optional value if none of the expressions match.

when(($feature["field1"] + 10) > 1, 1,($feature["field2"] + 10) > 2 , 2, $feature["field3"])

If field1 + 10 is greater than 1, returns 1. If not, checks if field2 + 10 is greater than 2. If yes, it returns 2. If not, it returns field3.

decode(<conditional val> , <case1> , <result1>, <case2>, <result2>, ... <caseN>, <resultN>, <defaultValue> )

Evaluates an expression and compares its value with subsequent parameters. If the expression matches, it returns the next parameter value. If none match, there is the option for the last parameter to be a default return value.

• conditional val—The conditional value. It can be a field or an expression.
• case—A value to be compared to the conditional val.
• result—The result if the corresponding case matches the conditional val.
• defaultValue—An optional value if no other values are true.

decode($feature["field1"] + 3 , $feature["field1"], 1, $feature["field2"], 2, 0)

Compares equality between the conditional val field1 + 3 and case1 field1. If true, it returns 1. If false, it compares the equality between field1 + 3 and field2. If true, it returns 2; otherwise, it returns 0.

$track.field["fieldname"].history(<value1>)

Returns an array of values in the given field for the specified time index.

• A positive number returns an array starting from the given index until the current feature.
• A negative number returns the current time step and the preceding <value1> - 1 time step values.

MyField has sequentially ordered values of [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]. The value 10 is at index 0, and the value 80 is at index 7. Expressions are evaluated at each index, and examples outline the index being used for the examples. n represents the number of features in the sequence, and k represents the index being evaluated.

Example 1:$track.field["MyField"].history(3))

Example 2:$track.field["MyField"].history(-3)

Example 3:mean($track.field["MyField"].history(-2))

Example 4:$track.field["MyField"].history(-3)[0]

When example 1 is evaluated at index k, it will return an array of values at index 3 through k. If you evaluate at index 6 (70), an array of the values at index [3, 4, 5, 6] is returned so that the array is [40, 50, 60, 70].

Example 2 returns an array of values calculated as index k minus the given value minus 1 (k-2). If this is evaluated at index 6 (value = 70), the values of k-2, k-1, and k are returned [50, 60, 70].

Example 3 returns the mean of the values at index k-1 and k. If you evaluate this at index 4 (value = 50), you will find the mean of value 40 (index 3) and value 50 (index 4), which equals 45. If you were to evaluate this at index 7, the result would be the mean of 70 and 80, which equals 75.

Example 4 returns the first item (index 0) of the array created in example 2, which is 50.

$track.field["fieldname"].history(<value1>, <value2>)

Returns an array of values starting from index1 (<value1>) up to index2 (<value2>).

MyField has sequentially ordered values of [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]. 10 is at index 0, and 80 is at index 7. For this example, expressions are evaluated at index 7 (80).

Example 1:$track.field["MyField"].history(-3, -2))

Example 2:$track.field["MyField"].history(-5, -2))

Example 1: [60]

Example 2: [40, 50, 60]

$track.time.start

Calculates the start time of a track in milliseconds from epoch.

Using a track that starts on January 2, 2017

$track.time.start

1483315200000

$track.time.duration

Calculates the duration of a track in milliseconds from the start until the current time step.

Using a track that starts on January 2, 2017, and the current time is January 4, 2017.

$track.time.duration

172800000

$track.time.current

Calculates the current time in a track.

Using a feature that occurs on January 3, 2017, at 9:00 a.m.

$track.time.current

1483434000000

$track.index

Returns the time index of the feature being calculated.

Calculating this value on the first feature in a track.

$track.index

0

$track.T(<value>, "<units>")

Returns the feature time plus the time created using the numeric <value> and given <units>.

• value—The numeric value to add to the feature's time.
• units—The units of the numeric <value>. The supported unit types are milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, and years. The default value is milliseconds.

Using a feature that is at January 2, 2017, at 2 p.m.

Example 1: $track.T(1, "hours")

Example 2: $track.T(-2, "days")

Example 1: Returns January 2 at 3 p.m.: 1483369200000

Example 2: Returns December 31st at 2 p.m.: 1483192800000

$track.field["fieldname"].window(<value1>, <value2>)

Returns an array of values in the given field for the specified time index. The window function allows you to go forward and backward in time. The expression is evaluated at each feature in the track.

• The current feature is at index 0.
• Positive values represent features that occur in the future, after the current value. For example, position 1 is the next value in the array.
• Negative numbers represent features that occurred in the past, before the previous feature. For example, -1 is the previous value in the array.

MyField has sequentially ordered values of [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]. The expression is evaluated at each feature in the track. Results are returned inclusive of the start feature, and exclusive of the end feature.

Example 1:$track.field["MyField"].window(-1,2)

Example 2:$track.field["MyField"].window(-2,0)[0]

Example 3:$track.field["MyField"].window(0,3)[2]

Example 1: When evaluated at each feature, the table shows the following results.

Example 2: When evaluated at index 2 (value is 30), it returns: 10.

Example 3: When evaluated at index 2 (value is 30), it returns: 50.

$track.geometry.window(<value1>, <value2>)

Returns an array of values representing geometry for the specified time index. The window function allows you to go forward and backward in time. The expression is evaluated at each feature in the track.

• The current feature is at index 0.
• Positive values represent features that occur in the future, after the current value. For example, position 1 is the next value in the array.
• Negative numbers represent features that occurred in the past, before the previous feature. For example, -1 is the previous value in the array.

MyField has sequentially ordered values of [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]. The geometry of the features are [{x: 1, y: 1},{x: 2, y: 2} ,{x: null, y: null},{x: 4, y: 4}, {x: 5, y: 5}] The expression is evaluated at each feature in the track. Results are returned inclusive of the start feature, and exclusive of the end feature.

Example 1:$track.geometry.window(-1,2)

Example 2: $track.geometry.window(0,1)[0] on a polyline dataset

Example 3: $track.geometry.window(0,1)[0] on a polygon dataset

Example 4: Find the X value of the previous point $track.geometry.window(-1,0)[0]["x"]

Example 1: When evaluated at each feature, the table shows the following results.

Example 2: Polylines are returned in the following format: [{"paths":[[[-180,-22.88],[-177.6,-23.6]],[[180,-18.099999999999994],[179.7,-18.4],[179.4,-18.7],[178.9,-18.9],[178.5,-19.3],[178.2,-19.7],[178.4,-20],[178.8,-20.2],[178.9,-21.8],[179,-22.2],[179.4,-22.7],[180,-22.88]],[[-178,-17],[-178.8,-17.3],[-179.2,-17.5],[-179.6,-17.8],[-179.9,-18],[-180,-18.099999999999994]]]}]

Example 3: Polygons are returned in the following format: [{"rings":[[[-7882559.1197999995,6376090.883500002],[-7893142.474300001,6042715.216800004],[-8544018.775999999,6045361.0554000065],[-8544018.775999999,6376090.883500002],[-7882559.1197999995,6376090.883500002]]]}]

Example 4: Evaluated at index 2 (value is 30): 2

$track.window(<value1>, <value2>)

Returns an array of values representing geometry and all attributes for the specified time index. The window function allows you to go forward and backward in time.

• The current feature is at index 0.
• Positive values represent features that occur in the future, after the current value. For example, position 1 is the next value in the array.
• Negative numbers represent features that occurred in the past, before the previous feature. For example, -1 is the previous value in the array.

MyField has sequentially ordered values of [10, 20, 30, 40, 50], in addition to the objectID, globalID and instant_datetime fields. The geometry the features are [{x: 1, y: 1},{x: 2, y: 2} ,{x: null, y: null},{x: 4, y: 4}, {x: 5, y: 5}] The expression is evaluated at each feature in the track. Results are returned inclusive of the start feature, and exclusive of the end feature.

Example 1:$track.window(-1,0)[0]

Example 2:geometry($track.window(-1,0)[0]["x"]

Example 1: When evaluated at each feature, the table shows the following results.

Example 2: Evaluated at index 2 (value is 30): 2